NAD+ fulfills numerous vital roles in our cells, such as electron transport, cell signaling, assisting cellular energy generation, and DNA repair. A growing amount of research indicates that as we age, our NAD+ levels fall, hence increasing our risk of age-related disorders. For this reason, some studies have argued that restoring NAD+ levels with NMN might assist in halting the aging process and maintaining their health. 
Science has come to the conclusion that this NAD+ can be increased in the body with the help of an NMN supplement. Numerous studies have shown that NMN supplementation can increase NAD+ production, suppresses age-related adipose tissue inflammation, enhances insulin secretion and insulin action, improves mitochondrial function, and enhances neuronal function in the brain, among other benefits. Here, we examine the science underpinning NMN, including its stability, potential pharmacokinetics, transport, function, and capacity to promote NAD+ production. (1) (2) (3) (4).
Effects of NMN Supplement on Human Studies
Numerous clinical studies of NMN have been done to determine its therapeutic applicability as a result of its efficacy in a variety of animal models. But now, it has begun its way to human trials which are mentioned below.
NMN has gotten a lot of attention recently, notably with the publishing of Sinclair’s book Lifespan. David Sinclair, a noted anti-aging researcher at Harvard, is undertaking human studies on resveratrol, NAD+, NMN, and sirtuins. His lipid profile has improved, he’s more energized, and his blood markers are closer to a 31-year- old person. Sinclair takes 1 gram of NMN and 1 gram of resveratrol powder daily, in addition to metformin, and aspirin, among other supplements.
NMN Supplementation and Prediabetes: NMN boosts blood cell NAD+ levels and improves muscle insulin sensitivity and structure, according to the study’s findings in elderly, prediabetic women. NMN supplementation enhanced muscle insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and remodeling.
NMN & Cardiovascular Health: The clinical research concluded on June 30, 2021 examined the safety and efficacy of 500 mg of NMN for at least eight weeks on critical cardiovascular and metabolic processes, with a particular emphasis on significant risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The research analyzes NMN’s influence on how effectively the hormone insulin functions to manage blood sugar.
NMN & Exercise Endurance: NMN supplementation and exercise training together were studied in 2021 for 6 weeks in healthy amateur runners in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm clinical investigation that included 48 young and middle-aged runners. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 300 mg/day NMN, 600 mg/day NMN, 1200 mg/day NMN, or a placebo. It was concluded that the 600-mg and 1200-mg groups had greater oxygen uptake (VO2), VO2max, first ventilatory threshold, and second ventilatory threshold power than the control group.
NMN & Anti-aging Effects: The 2022 study’s goal was to assess the anti-aging impact of NMN as well as its safety. 66 healthy volunteers, ages 40 to 65, consumed 300 mg of NMN or starch powder after breakfast for 60 days. On day 30, serum NAD+ levels increased by 11.3%, and on day 60, NAD+ levels were raised 38% from baseline, compared to 14.3% in the placebo group suggesting NMN’s anti-aging benefits.
NMN Improves Sleep Quality: The effects of NMN were studied on sleep quality for elderly population over a period of 12 weeks. The participants were given 250mg NMN for ingestion in the morning, the other group in the afternoon. This study resulted in benefiting sleep quality, reducing sleepiness, and enhancing general physical fitness by taking NMN supplements in the afternoon after 6pm for the elderly mean age 72.
NMN Supplementation & Safety: Speaking of safety, a clinical trial was carried out on 10 healthy males to examine the safety of a single oral NMN dosage of 100 mg, 250 mg, and 500 mg. The pharmacokinetics of NMN metabolites were examined five hours after each intervention, as were clinical outcomes and markers. All of the NMN dosages tested by the team were confirmed to be completely safe.
-Another trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of orally given NNM supplementation in raising NAD+ levels in 30 healthy volunteers who received 250 mg/day of NMN (125 mg in the morning and evening) or a placebo for 12 weeks. Physiological and lab testing was done. Oral NMN supplement for 12 weeks induced no irregularities in physiological and laboratory testing and no evident side effects but raised whole-blood NAD+ levels. The increased NAD+ was substantially linked with pulse rate before NMN, indicating that it should be given before exercise.
NMN is a safe and effective way to enhance human NAD+ levels.
source: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.00246/full
NMN Supplement Researched Effectiveness and Timeline
Several studies are now being conducted to investigate the human safety of NMN as a supplement. In 2016, the first Phase I research started to evaluate the safety of NMN and its blood concentration over time. It has been proven with the help of research that NMN is rapidly absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream, where it remains for just 2–3 minutes before being transported from the bloodstream and deposited in tissues in almost 15 minutes.
From the data mentioned above, the following conclusions can be drawn from the estimated effective timeline of the NMN supplement.
1 week: Within 15 minutes, NMN will have passed the circulation and reached the body’s tissues, suggesting in a study that individuals may experience its effects rather rapidly. It has been reported that it is recommended to take a suitably high dosage to gain an energy boost. Some individuals may feel the effects of NMN at 250 mg, while others must take at least 500 mg.
6 weeks: The exercise endurance has been increased when reported in the study of runners. The dosage that was found beneficial was 600mg-1200 mg of NMN in a day.
10 weeks: Reports of muscle insulin sensitivity, signaling, and remodeling were raised compared to the study’s beginning. The dosage of NMN given was 250 mg.
12 weeks:
- The oral usage of the NMN supplement was found to have no irregularities in safety, proving it to be a safe and usable supplement in the long run.
- Another human trial suggests the improvement in sleep and drowsiness with the usage of 250 mg of NMN supplement at the same timeline.
- Yet another study as mentioned above, suggested that NMN helped improve muscular function and mobility.
1-2 Months: The increase in NAD+/NADH on day 30 and day 60 showed NMN supplement’s capacity to elevate NAD+ in cells, which is connected to greater energy levels and anti-aging effects. The dosage implied in this research was 150mg.
For the long term (1 year) No adverse effects were seen when NMN was administered orally at dosages of up to 300 mg/kg in healthy mice. As a result of current clinical research, NMN’s long-term safety for up to 24 weeks at dosages of 200 to 300 mg/day is being evaluated in human trials as well.
NMN supplement boosts the amount of NMN in your body within minutes, whereas NAD+ levels are enhanced within 60 minutes after taking the supplement. However, it usually takes a few weeks for the NAD+ to begin renewing your cells.
Health Benefits As Proven in Animal Studies
Other than human trials, much research has been carried out on mice which may also show the benefits of NMN supplements on mice. Some of them are given below.
| Increases Brain Function | NMN supplementation has been shown to improve the brain function of old mice by increasing the dilation of brain blood vessels and the flow of blood to the brain. |
| Good For Eyes | Rapid retinal neurodegeneration and vision loss are the results of low NAD+ levels. Restoring NMN levels may help to avert undesirable outcomes and regain clarity of sight.
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| Reduces Age-related Weight gain | Age reduces muscular mass but increases fat mass. This promotes age-related weight gain. NMN decreased age-related weight increase in mice after 12 months without damage. |
| Boost Fertility | Age reduces oocyte quality. NMN boosts fertility in mice by increasing the amount and quality of maternal eggs. The results provide a way to improve late-life fertility. |
| Increases metabolism and activity | According to a study, NMN prevents age-related energy metabolism decline and boosts mouse physical activity. In another research, after two months of NMN administration, 18-month-old mice’s endurance increased by 56 to 80%. Mice as old as 32 months, or 80 years, also benefited. |
How much NMN to take?
This recommendation is based on both human and animal studies of effectiveness and safety as well as the best daily dosage for individuals between the ages of 30 and 60. Those above the age of 65 may safely take 750 mg of NMN each day in order to get the full advantages of the supplement.
Increasing NAD+ levels have been studied to postpone the development of age-related disorders. It has been established by the data that ingesting 100 to 500mg of NMN may improve your health such as, it increases NAD levels, improving insulin sensitivity, and improving cardiovascular fitness, all while being safe. NMN seems to be an effective anti-aging supplement. Reported “visible’ effects include increased alertness and energy, diminished or absence of muscle soreness after strenuous workouts within one week’s daily ingestion of 250 mg etc. Other current human studies (similar to this one) will evaluate the safety and efficacy of NMN in humans and older individuals.
In human clinical studies, NMN seems to be equally helpful to people as it is to mice, according to recent findings. NMN has no known side effects, making it safe for human consumption. NMN supplements give an essential boost to the body’s NAD+ production. They contribute to the efficient functioning of your body and brain, give you a young look, and may even increase your lifespan. Remember that a healthy diet with mainly plant-based and healthy fat, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, and regular cardio and weight lifting exercises are vital in addition to nutritional supplements. Always consult your doctor before adding or subtracting any food or supplement.
